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TermUnderground market

Checker

A tool that automatically tries stolen usernames and passwords on target sites and separates out those that are still valid.

Flow

  1. 1List loaded
  2. 2Logins attempted
  3. 3Results separated
Related families
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MITRE ATT&CK
T1110.004 · Credential Stuffing
Sources
4 sources
01

Overview

Most credentials in log dumps are old or have been changed. A checker finds the working ones by making thousands of login attempts against a specific site; it is this result that sets the sale price. OWASP

Checkers are the tools of credential stuffing attacks: they try to bypass rate limits with proxy lists and browser emulation. MITRE ATT&CK

02

How it works

  1. 1

    List loaded

    Username and password lines extracted from logs are fed to the tool.

  2. 2

    Logins attempted

    Each line is sent to the target site’s login page from different IP addresses. OWASP

  3. 3

    Results separated

    Valid, invalid and extra-verification accounts are written to separate files.

03

How to detect it

  • Failed login attempts to many different accounts from many different IP addresses within a short time. OWASP
  • Successful logins from never-before-seen addresses among the failed attempts. MITRE ATT&CK
04

What to do

  • Use multi-factor authentication and breached-password checks. OWASP
  • Apply rate limiting and bot detection on the login page. OWASP
05

MITRE ATT&CK

06

Related terms

07

Sources

  1. 1Credential Stuffing (T1110.004) · MITRE ATT&CK
  2. 2Valid Accounts (T1078) · MITRE ATT&CK
  3. 3Credential stuffing · OWASP
  4. 4Credential Stuffing Prevention Cheat Sheet · OWASP