Academy
TermThreat intelligence

Cyber Kill Chain

A model that divides an attack into seven stages from reconnaissance to reaching the objective and shows where defense can cut it at each stage.

Flow

  1. 1Reconnaissance and preparation
  2. 2Delivery and exploitation
  3. 3Installation and control
  4. 4Actions on objectives
Related families
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MITRE ATT&CK
TA0011 · Command and Control
Sources
3 sources
01

Overview

The model developed by Lockheed Martin has seven stages: reconnaissance, weaponization, delivery, exploitation, installation, command and control, and actions on objectives. The attacker has to complete all of them to progress. Lockheed Martin

MITRE ATT&CK turns the same idea into a more detailed matrix of tactics and techniques; the two models are used together. MITRE ATT&CK

02

How it works

  1. 1

    Reconnaissance and preparation

    The target is chosen; the malware and distribution are prepared. Lockheed Martin

  2. 2

    Delivery and exploitation

    Code is run through email, an ad or a fake page. Lockheed Martin

  3. 3

    Installation and control

    The malware runs and connects to the server. Lockheed Martin

  4. 4

    Actions on objectives

    Data is stolen and accounts are taken over. Lockheed Martin

03

Real-world examples

A short chain for infostealers

In the Snowflake incident, the actions on objectives took place not on the device the infostealer infected but in customer environments, with credentials stolen from that device. Google Cloud (Mandiant)

04

How to detect it

  • Use the model to check whether there is a separate detection rule for each stage. Lockheed Martin
05

What to do

  • Break the chain as early as possible, but also monitor the actions-on-objectives stage, because with infostealers this stage starts outside the organization. Lockheed Martin
06

MITRE ATT&CK

07

Related terms

08

Sources

  1. 1Command and Control (TA0011) · MITRE ATT&CK
  2. 2The Cyber Kill Chain · Lockheed Martin
  3. 3UNC5537 targets Snowflake customer instances · Google Cloud (Mandiant), 2024