DecliningWindowsCredential theft
Malware Intelligence

RL Stealer

RL Stealer is an infostealer family tracked in Dark Radar's stealer log data with 37 infection records. Latest record: March 2026. In 21 sampled logs, 100% contain saved passwords and 52.4% contain session cookies.

Activity map

Activity mapPackagingExfiltrationRL StealerInfostealerData collection14 targetsLog archiveC2 server
Malicious payloadRL Stealer · Infostealer

RL Stealer is an infostealer family detected by Dark Radar in stealer logs.

Environment information

  • Operating system
  • Hardware
  • IP and location
  • Installed software
  • Screenshot
  • Desktop files

Credentials and application data

  • Saved passwords
  • Session cookies
  • Autofill
  • Saved cards
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Telegram
  • Discord
  • Electrum
  • Bitcoin Core
  • Exodus
  • Binance Wallet
Dark Radar infection records
37
Latest infection record
19 March 2026
Malware type
Infostealer
Infected systems
Windows 10 57.1%
01

Overview

Ranks 51 of 52 families in Dark Radar data, with 37 infection records.

02

Technical profile

Malware typeInfostealer
Target operating systemWindows
Primary purposeData theft
Threat categoryCredential theft
Infected systemsWindows 10 57.1%, Windows 11 33.3%
03

Targeted applications

14 applications6 categories
04

Data collection

Credentials

  • Browser passwords100%Dark Radar observation
  • Session cookies52.4%Dark Radar observation
  • Refreshing expired sessions—
  • Autofill66.7%Dark Radar observation
  • macOS Keychain—
  • 2FA and password managers—

Financial

  • Saved cards19%Dark Radar observation
  • Desktop crypto wallets23.8%Dark Radar observation
  • Wallet extensions4.8%Dark Radar observation
  • Clipboard address replacement—

Applications

  • Email clients85.7%Dark Radar observation
  • FTP clients—
  • VPN clients—
  • Messaging applications14.3%Dark Radar observation
  • Gaming platforms—

System

  • File collection33.3%Dark Radar observation
  • Screenshot33.3%Dark Radar observation
  • System inventory100%Dark Radar observation
05

File system

User profile (%USERPROFILE%)
File details are in Dark Radar IntelligenceOpen in Intelligence
06

How it works

  1. 1Discovery

    Dark Radar observation

    Infected systems: Windows 10 57.1%, Windows 11 33.3%, Windows Server 4.8%.

    Breaking point: Bulk system and security software queries from a short-lived process trigger an EDR alert.

  2. 2Data collection

    Dark Radar observation

    Data found in the latest 21 logs: password file 100%, cookies 52.4%, autofill 66.7%, cards 19%, wallets 23.8%.

    Breaking point: A process other than the browser reading browser profile files is blocked or triggers an alert.

07

IOCs and detection

This section is in Dark Radar IntelligenceOpen in Intelligence
08

Risk and impact

  • Stolen session cookies are enough to take over cloud, email and SaaS sessions without a password or multi-factor authentication prompt.
  • Corporate passwords saved on personal devices also leak through infections outside the corporate network; these logs are sold to initial access brokers.
  • Log archives are reshared for years; as long as the password is not changed, the same credential can be used again and again.
  • Compromised email, messaging and social media accounts become the next link in phishing and malware distribution.
09

Defense

  • When an infection is detected, revoke not only the password but all related sessions and access tokens.
  • Turn off password saving in the browser through corporate policy; use a corporate password manager.
  • Move to phishing-resistant multi-factor authentication (FIDO2/passkey); bind sessions to the device.
  • Block setup files downloaded from unlicensed software, game cheats and sponsored search results.
  • Monitor flows where the user runs a command by pasting it into the Run dialog or terminal (ClickFix) with endpoint rules.
  • Continuously monitor your corporate domains and employee email addresses in stealer logs with Dark Radar.
10

Learning center

How does this malware spread?
  • Infostealer families mostly spread through unlicensed software, fake updates, sponsored search ads and phishing emails.
How can its presence on a system be detected?
  • Sign-ins to accounts from an unrecognized country or device.
  • A new infostealer log in Dark Radar for your corporate domain or an employee email address.
Which Windows artifacts should be examined?
  • Prefetch (C:\Windows\Prefetch) — shows that a short-lived payload ran.
  • Amcache.hve and ShimCache — path and hash of the executed file.
  • Downloads folder and Zone.Identifier stream — the address the file was downloaded from.
  • Browser history — the fake download page or fake CAPTCHA address.
  • RunMRU registry key — commands pasted into the Run dialog.
  • Randomly named folders and DLLs under %TEMP% and %LOCALAPPDATA%.
Which log records matter?
  • Sysmon Event 1 / Security 4688Process creation: unsigned processes starting from Temp and Downloads folders, mshta, powershell -enc chains.
  • Sysmon Olay 11 / 23File creation and deletion: self-deleting payloads, DLLs dropped under Temp.
  • Sysmon Olay 3 / 22Network connection and DNS query: to newly registered domains, C2 resolution via Telegram, Steam or Pastebin.
  • Object access auditing (4663)A process other than the browser reading Login Data, Cookies and Local State files.
  • PowerShell 4104Script block logging: obfuscated downloader commands.
  • Identity provider sign-in logsSessions after the infection from a different country and device, without a multi-factor authentication prompt.
How should a SOC analyst respond?
  1. Isolate the device from the network; do not reinstall it before taking memory and disk images.
  2. Determine the infection date; list all accounts that were signed in on the device after that date.
  3. Change the passwords of these accounts, revoke their sessions and access tokens, and re-enroll multi-factor authentication devices.
  4. Search identity provider and SaaS logs for new country, device and token usage after the infection.
  5. If a recovery phrase or wallet file was exposed, move the assets to a new wallet.
  6. Find the initial access path (email, ad, unlicensed software, fake CAPTCHA) and check other users who used the same path.
  7. Reinstall the device from a clean image.
11

Sources

  • Dark Radar Infostealer Intelligence Library37 infection records, latest 21 logs reviewed. Updated: 30 October 2026
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